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in the stables where milking is done, but there are some splen~ did commercial sprays on the market to-day. but they must be used with great perseverance, which adds to the farm labour and expense. The common house fly causes the most disease and log of life. Then we have a large blue fly which seems to arrive very promptly if there is any fresh meat on hand, in a short time you will see numberless eggs which are called fly blows, and in a few hours they have formed into maggots, hence the waste of good food. These flies also lay their eggs in dirty water, holes or any filth, and after they are in the mugged stage form into more flies. Perhaps someone is thinking of the loss from corn ear worms, corn borer and cut worm. In Ontario we have not, to my knowledge, been very much troubled with corn ear worm, or corn borer. and the season for the cut worm is short, the standard remedy for the cut worm is 5 oz. Paris Green or 10 02. white arsenic with a peck of bran moistened with wafer and some molasses may be added and is believed to make it more palatable. The cut worm is not nflcn found in the clay ground. but I assure you it is not so with flies. I speak from experience, not hearsay. It seems no matter what preventatives we use nor how much we spray and kill of? flies one day there are just as many to take their place in a few hours. There is the warble or heel fly getting the latter name from the cows throwing up their heels and stumpeding around the pasture and into any shelter or shade they can find. The fly lays the eggs on the animal and forms into a grub which are said to work through a cow’s stomach, lungs and blood coming to the surface along the cow's spine. here a hard lump forms and when the grub readies maturity this lumn, which is about the size of a plum, breaks, and the grub drops out and soon turns into a fly ready for another summer's work. There is considerable pus runs from the cow’s back. There has been known to ‘be as many as 121 grubs in one cow's back, but the average, we are told, is about 15. These cause a great loss in milk and beef and the value of the hide is greatly leached. It has cost the Province of Ontario large sums of money for control measure. A few years ago on the Manitoulin Island they made a campaign against this fly and now they have it reduced to about 3 gm per cow and stampeding is our firely absent. They have asked for legislature enabling municis palities to make warble fly conâ€" trol compulsory. There is a powder on the market now which is said to be very efi’ecr tire, and while it would be much better if every farmer would use it, it is claimed that the odour from the powder keeps the fly away from the herds treated to a certain extent. Then there is the bot fly in horses, which some authorities claim eats the lining of a horse's stomach and causes the horse to die, also the old fashioned horse fly which torments a horse by jabbing it here and there until the horse is almost unmanageâ€" aible. But the fly that has cau=ed the most trouble with ho 5 later is the nose fly, it is said to have come here on western horses, and at one time you would rarely ever see a team of horses in summer wifli- out wire screens over their noses so that the fly can’t get at their nose. There is a fly which lays eggs from which the grabs that de« stmy so much fruit are hatched, the grub forms into 3 enter- pillar and a large white web like a cobweb, only heavy and tough, can be seen on the trees and these can be burnt out by torches. There is a sznall green fly that attach green peas and sometimes ruins acres of field peas. There is a small black fly which gets into young ducks and goslings’ ears, often killing off the whole flock. There are per- haps many other kinds of flies which sting the farmer himself, but it is not so bothersome or poisonous as the mosquito, but, taken on the whole. I think there is always “A Fly in the Oint- ment for the Farmer”. CHOOSING A HOBBY By Jessie L. Beattie Most of us can remember a day when some over-ambitious aunt asked our six-yoar-old mind to decide, “What are you going to be when you’re a man 7" We may have answered her decisively, as some children can, who have made up their minds on that point; or we may have wavered and wondered and shaken our heads. But at some time in our childhood, we had, I venture to say, a fairly clear idea just what we did want to do when we grew up. Often a hidden gem of what we really could learn to do well lay in our childish choice. Once I viewed a sunset with a little eleven- year-old who overcome with its glory, clung to me and asked in a whisper,â€"“what is it we long for when we look?" Today she is painting sunsets for a living and painting them well. Another child I know fashioned garments for her dolls in styles never seen before. Today she is a de» signer. A wise mother supplied her with cloth, and sewing tools, seeing in her hobby a future life-work. Have you always wanted to do this or that? Then do it. Make it your hobby. It will round out and make happier your own life and it may have some efiect upon the life of your World. It is a wonderful outlet for frustrated ambitions There are so many kinds of hobbies, enough to satisfy the tastes of all the types of people in the universe: intellectual hob» bias, artistic hobbies. mechanical hobbies, and amusing hobbies. For those of an ambitious turn of mind with a desire to educate themselves further, there are numerous subjects which are reasonable in cost. By the Deâ€" partment of Libraries, excellent reading courses are offered free of charge. In art and journalism there are splendid courses to be had by mail to teach one the teth pique of expression. And there is the study of nature and hu- man nature at one’s very hand which is the greatest developer of true artistic power. For those selecting pen and brush, life itself is a Wonderful inâ€" structor if we are Without fear, do not resent pain, and desire to be touched deeply by it. An excellent hobby, and one which has broad possibilities is the Study of the Drama. Read some good plays, a book on play production, get your community young people together, and pro- duce a play. Study the art of directing and make your pro- duction your pride. Here is a HOME» 7nd 'coumliy ‘ wonderful field for community work. There are mamy outdoor hob- bies; gardening, poultry-raising, tennis, baseball, hiking, and naâ€" ture study. There are few who would not be interested in one or another of these. One girl, who made a study of gardening. secured the interest of a few others and made a study of the subject through magazines an books, then beautified some ugly spots in the district, and films made her hobby an unselfish one. We have made a mistake in thinking that the lives of oorunL try dwellers cannot be made as colourful and rich as those ed city folk. Our opportunities to make them so are greater, if we but grasp them. We are close to the heart of nature, we have the quiet which brings clear thought, we have each other. There are not a dozen diversions knocking at our door. We are not strangers to our next-door neighbour. We may feel at times that our lives are dull and uneventful. If they are, it is our own fault. We have the power to live happily if we have the will to do 50. Ontario Rural Telephones \Ve give here excerpts from an article prepared by Mr. F. Dagger, Supervisor of Tele- phone Systems, Parliament Buildings, Toronto. This deals in part with the telephone system of the provâ€" ince. Any of the readers de- sirous of obtaining the complete article on this subject prepared by Mr. Dagger, may secure a copy by making request to the Lmtitutes Branch. Canadians have just reason to be proud of the development of the telephone service in the Dominion. Recent statistics cum- piled by the American Tele- phone and Telegraph Company show that next to the United States, Canada has more tele- phones in proportion to popula- tion than any other country in the world. Few people, however, are aware that there are in this Province over six hundred sys- tems operating over one hun- dred and three thousand tele- phones under separate owner- ship and independent of the Bell Telephone Company. In other words, over twenty per cent. or excluding Toronto and Ottawa one out of every three teleâ€" phones in Ontario is entirely free from “Bell” control, being subject only to regulation by the Ontario Municipal Board under the provisitvns of “The Tale- phone Act”. Over eighty per cent. of the systems referred to furnish tele» phone service in the rural dis- tricts and their development is almost wholly due to the ini tiative and enterprise of the farmers who organized and financed these undertakings. These systems with few excep- tions are furnishing service equal in eflicicncy to that of the Bell Telephone Company with the lines to which they con- nect, and should occasion arise it is now possible for the aver- age farmer to converse with the opposite ends of the earth with the same ease as to his nearest town. It is impossible to enumerate all the benefits which this ser- vice has brought to Hie farmer, but there is no doubt that it has rendered his social conditions more enjoyable and has effected a great saving in time and money in the conduct of his affairs. Ever-y event of imports occurring in all market and weather etc, are made available ‘ farmer through the medium of the telephone, and in this way the sense of loneliness is banâ€" ished and he is placed upon an equality with those who dwell in the city in so for us he can ac- quire wt will a general knowl- d edge of everyday mans. These systems are widely diversified in regard to their manner of organisation, type of equipment and cost of service and may be divided into four classes, as follows: 1. Systems operated by indi- viduals or partners. 2. Systems operated by divi- dend paying companies. ‘ 3. Systems operated on the caâ€" operartive plan. 4. Systems operated under Part. II of the Telephone Act". It may be here mentioned that approximately 350 systems in Ontario operate their own switchboards. Apart from the value of the "Bell" local service to the rural system, in the majority of cases flhe switching fees are as u rule lower than would be the east of operating to the system were it to furnish a central office and employ its own opera- tors. In regard to the charges for services to subscribers of rural systems operated by munici- palirtlfi under Glass 4, these range from $6.00 to $12.00 per anmium where the debenture debt has been paid MT and from $15.00 to $25.00 per annum in- cluding debenture payments for the first ten years. “The Telephone Act” vests the Ontario Municipal Board with the duty of superintending the carrying out of the Act, and for (ii-lat purpose gives it all necessary powers and authority over and in respect of any per- son, company or municipality owning or operating a telephone system or line. While the functions of the Board are to control and regu- late, its policy has always been to assist rather than retard the systems under its jurisdiction in the development and operation of telephone service. The Board and its officers are always ready to furnish advice and assistance to any person or municipality interested in the establishment of telephone service, and much good work is done along this line. Existing systems are en- couraged to submit their prob- lems to the Board at all times, and in this way many diflic-ul- ties are cleared away with the necessity of formal hearings. All enquiries regarding tele- phone matters should be ad- dressed to Francis Dagger, Supervisor of Telephone Sysâ€" tems, Parliament Buildings, Toronto. Traveller’s Aid For some years the W.C.T.U. has supported a Traveller’s Aid service at the railway terminal in Toronto and other cities. Substantial assistance to this work has been given through the collection of coupons. This year a special effort is being made by one of the “Y” branches to collect coupons for this work. Institute members are asked to save coupons throughout the year and mail to Miss Edith I. Carberry, 145 Humberside Ave, Toronto 9, by March 31, 1935_ The following coupons are desired: Magic Baking Powder Weimdelwvilg. ‘ V Wild amp Encouraging- Messages from the Summer series Meetings A was???“ 21'0"]! l'b saysâ€"“Held an Achieve", Day, when such momhr ' swared the roll call by ox)“ mg some of her own handic and this resulted in an ex fiunially good exhibit, and a " torchange of practical lIli‘ membership was divillwl three groups, each divi , charge of a social pm sometime during the year. To solve the refreshm- at a. member brim: a platrr (sf freshments, a cup, Sauil‘l‘ spoon. The plates an i changed. One member is, demonstration of bulb 4nd ,-, e'nnial planting. plentim» 1), around the Cammunilv 11- thus combining beam mm; with her practical den m: tion. Another group conduc Well Baby Clinic ever- _ which takes care of 108 h Children's health is look. .I 3 until they start be schoo they are then under the the school nurse. They organized a 1de boys and put on a Min. show. Each year fliey p a Vanity Fair, as wall a ‘1, ing on splendid cducutin .i social meetings every i with well planned progr “In point of size, on representative of the community, biur ‘- perfect exa p of w] small town branch There is, however, more emphasis on th than on the educational method of carrying on, ‘ . hops a good bit of row A tion for the homemaker seated more or less in i The entire member nearly 100 is dividr groups, each group bca name of a standing cr- 1 and each group respon the entire program of 0 ing. This program course, supposed to hai rect bearing on the rich the standing committp \. the group represents. “'rfi good-natured rivalry ' or the groups, each trying the other in providinc mm of greater varieh terest. This naturally n.‘ lame interest and is DP!" l“ , main reason for the u HI‘ high average attend" c meetings as well as ti. lL membership." From the Central comes such encouragr‘ lâ€"A little rural b‘ i in in a. n ll .“r branch, just three yew composed of farm wow“ 4 girls. Each convener of standing committee iak'j " the charge of a meeting 10 month; have a good D program for the year \Htli » monstrations; ,members t’ part well. They had a "all contest with prize given to one coming highest. Marks “- assigned as follows:_6»ll T“ her stands up and g-iv on the topic; 3â€"if ansu'r d HYPE; Zâ€"if absent and sun swer; 1â€"if in attendant“ answering y â€"â€" WC Three members tied ff” . place. Demonsmifions give“ V eluded quilt blocks, rum f salad, First and (bandagmfl a mi