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Published through the co-operation of the Federated Women's Institutes of the Pravince and the Women's Institute! Branch of the Ontario Department of Agriculture. Correspondence to be addressed to "HOME AND COUNTRY" Parliament Buildings, Toronto, Ont. Mrs. R. B. Colloton Miss M. V. Powell Volume 1 Published by The Ontario Women's Institute: at Toronto, Ont. EDITORIAL COMMITTEE September, 1934 Mrs. I. Mr. Geo. A. Putnam Address Graves Number 8 HOME and COUNTRY EEP THIS COPY FOR REFERENCE All branch and district presidents and secretaries ‘e being furnished with a copy of this issue while 4 > tra copies are being sent to the branch secretary for istribution among the leaders in the local branch. PROGRAMME FOR STANDING COMMITTEES In order that all Institutes may have before them outline of the field covered by each Standing Com- ittee, we are presenting the same herewith. Health and Child Welfareâ€"Medical and Dental rvices, health rules and laws, preventive measures u d disease, nursing and first aid, diet for corrective irposes and disease, public sanitation, health confer- i ces and exhibits. . Home Economicsâ€"The study of clothing, feeding . (1 housing, including food values and desirable com- nations, clothing requirements, house planning, bour saving equipment, water supply, power, heating cl lighting, household budgeting. Educationâ€"The utilization of 1iterature,â€"stand- d works, bulletins, reports, periodicals, etc. Pro- ammes for regular meetings, lecture courses, debates, ays, music. All co-operation with and assistance 1 the schools, except along “health” lines and supplies I d equipment for school grounds. Education in mperance. Agricultureâ€"All efforts of women and girls to crease the production of the farm or to add to its eautification. Tourists camps and other money- aking undertakings by women and girls on the farm. chool Fairs and Fall Fairs and marketing of farm reduce. Legislationâ€"The study of laws, and regulations ade thereunder and method of administration, laws uccrning inheritance, property rights, marriage, istody of children, orphanages, care of the unfortu- ate, are of special interest. Canadiam'mtion (Immigration)â€"The study of migration laws and assistance given to immigrants, elcoming newcomers and helping them to get estab- shed in community life, teaching the foreign-born 6 English language, and instructing in Canadian ays and customs. Reliefâ€"Assistance to the individual or the family hich is in need of clothing, food, household equip- cut or temporary help in the home. Assisting homes r the aged, hospitals, children’s shelters. Financial sistance to those requiring special treatment and re. Community Activitiesâ€"Undertakings in the in- rests of the whole community, such as providing or alntaining community halls, rest rooms, parks, braries, fire equipment, street lights, school grounds, metcries, banquets, entertainments, Christmas trees, mes, amusements, for the whole community. Historical Researchâ€"Making collections of his- rical records and articles. Compiling local and Wnship history of individuals, industries, customs, velopments: making records of interesting current ents; Exhibits of antiques; Co-opcrating with the 'ovincial Archivist. Canadian Industriesâ€"A Study r‘f the natural re- urces and industries of the locality, the Province I d the Dominion. The comparison of imported and me-made articles as to quality and price. To en- urage the purchase and use of Canadian goods here the values compare favourably with the price d quality of imported articles. Study of trade May we remind the members that the classifica- 011 of the work as indicated above does not require, ‘ some have concluded, that each branch should vote a regular meeting to each standing committee in the year's programme. Some of the most success- ful branches pay no attention to the standing com< mittee classification until it comes to the time for preparing reports for the District Annual and the Convention. 0n the other hand, some branches devote the major portion or the whole of one meeting to each standing committee. This does not seem judicious. The officers and leaders in general should all acquaint themselves with what has been done by the Institutes as a whole and select from this very comprehensive programme the features which they think could be included in the year’s programme with greatest bene» fit and profit to the members. ACTIVITIES OF STANDING COMMITTEES We give herewith a summary of the reports of work carried on throughout the province during the past year, as presented through the various area conventions and received from other sources. This summary is supplementary to the reports of provincial conveners which were published in the 1933 Septem- ber issue of "Home and Country”. Members should read carefully the Sept, 1933, reports as well as this additional summary of activities, noting the suggested plan of dividing the subjects under different headings for greater convenience and creating more inter t in securing desired information along definite lines. We still have a number of copies of the September, ‘ 1933, issue which may be had by writing the Institutes Branch. In preparing the reports of standing committees presented herewith. we have found it impossible, of course, to give credit to individual branches, districts or Convention areas. HEALTH AND CHILD WELFARE Provincial Convener, Mrs. W. F. Parsons, Port Credit The branches have given a great deal of attention to the study of health. Many have very Wisely placed emphasis on preventative health measures by featuring a "Health Day” with local doctors giving addresses on “Preventive Measures in T. B." “Itickets”, “Cancer Control" and similar subjects; by distributing literature, by emphas ing the necessity of an adequate diet for health and helping with a hot lunch at school and by studying health habits for children. Many have had short coui es in Home Nursing and ’t Aid and some have sponsored inA occulations for the prevention of diphtheria and smallpox. Une district held “Well Baby Clinics" once every two months at the local doctor’s office where the mothers have their children weighed, measured and examin- ed, and have the privilege of asking questions reg; ding hcnlth. This service is free. The doctor gives his services without charge, a nurse is in attendance, and the Institute members take turns in serving a lunch to the mothers during the cold Weather. Other branches arranged for the examination of school child- ren for goitre and had the local doctor address the branch meetâ€" ing on the cause, symptoms and treatment of goitre. A feature at one branch was that of summer emergencies dealing with poisons and their antidotes, treatment of insect bites, etc. In one urea glasses were sup- plied for children with ile- i'ective ‘ight and medical and X ay treatment provided for special cases. In many districts graduate nurses have given valuable scrr vice in talks and dzmonstia» tions while the Institute mem- bers themselves are doing much to foster a greater health con- sciousness by their acti\itics along health lines. THE HAZARDS 0F MATERNITY Radio talk given by Dr. J. T. Phair, Director Child Hygiene, at request of Health and Child Welfare Convener. In view of the fact that there is a day specifically set aside for the purpose of paying tribute to Motheihood, it would seem ap~ propiiatc that some reference he made to the dangers that are associated with maternity. \ hilc much has been said re- garding um subject, during the last few years, there is no ap- preciablc evidence that the remedial measures are being widely adopted. Frum time immcm ' 1, despite it presumed phy. ulogical chub acter, women have died in childbirth. If one were to go far enough back, one would find that deaths from this cause rose in proportion to the amount of interference found necessary to ensure the birth of a normal child, and the peak was reached just prior to the introduction of aseptic obstetrical practice. The price paid for malern ' was high (luring the era childebcd fever; of the rate fell rapidly following the general acceptance of the value of surgi- suggcstcd v cal cleanliness and has remain- cvl, with minor fluctuations, from that time until today more or less constant. From time to time efforts have been made to arouse pub- lic interest in the fact that, while other preventable Condi- tions are gradually being brought under control, little change is evident in the death rate among expectant Women. Reviews of the statistical data which have accumulated follow- ing a study of the death N: ifia rate have res ted in a d inn of the cauativr- factors into four or five majnr groups. namely, those resulting fr m abortion, those due to sepsis. those resulting from haemorr- hage, those from kidney involve- ment and those from accidents of labouri No such divi on can be expected. however, tn give an adequate picture of the con- tributing factors or their im- portance. It 's with the cone tributing factor; nf importance that we are chiefly concerned, tmlayi Serious studies for the purpose of placing the=e factors in their appropriate sequence have been carrier] out within the last two or three years. These studies \vnultl :eem to Show: First. that matrrnitv is not free from certain ill-defined "sks of its own. .rr‘nnrl, that abortion? and miscarriages contribute to a greater than often conceived ex- tent to this death rate: Third. that npmntivc fcrences increase the ‘. Fun/Hz, that tho inEi-tent der mom] for a leslening of the pain and discomfort of child-hearing is an important contributing cause: Fiflir. that faulty technique or illrarlvirerl p cmlure in ob- stetrical pvacti Consideraa (inn of wajo gnificance: Sixth, that a large number of women are poor risks before Conception. (in the positive ~iile of the picture, it has been established that early and continuous con- tact as between patient and phy- sician, with appropri 9 super- vision in the interi'. motefi» ally lessens the hazard. Those death; resulting from kidney involvement hulk larger than those in any other group and the problem 0 control warrants more Con- sidwv; ion by lh the public and the prof on than it some times veceive~ Under favour nlule conditions, most of these deaths are preventable. Favour- able Conditi0n< implygearly recognition of any potentially serious clinical signs. ready ac- ceptance by the patient of adâ€" vice proffered by the attending phy cian and a full appre a, inter- Ousne, po. ihilities ass ciated with this condition. leadâ€" ing to prompt, cifcctivc treatâ€" nient. The too often insistent de- mand of both the patient and her ' for a >|vecily \li“ livc n the firfi , pro ably the most important [or leading to un» nec: '. a._v te rference. One would gather that women today