The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

9\ 1924 WOMEN’S INSTITUTES 21 day, we can’t tell that story to the Humane Society. Are humans not made of flesh and blood as Well as horses? Co-operative marketing will bring about a more even distribution of wealth and of work. It is a form of Christianity that the world has been too long without. ‘ WOMAN’S PLACE IN AGRICULTURE. MRS. M. J. NIXON, SAULT STE. MARIE. The changes that took place in agriculture from the time David tended his flocks up to the last century, were small in comparison with the changes that have since occurred. In olden times a farmer produced sufficient food for himself and his family and perhaps a little to spare in case of emergency. The necessities not produced on the farm were taken in trade for farm produce at the nearest store. Until the Civil War in the United States, women took an active part in actual production on the farm. After the war, scarcity of man labour necessitated other means of working the land, c0nsequently farm machinery was invented and has constantly increased in kinds and efficiency, thus lessening man labour and almost entirely relieving woman’s labour in the fields on the farm. The advent of farm machinery has since released thousands of men for factory work, research work, and the work of inventing and building machinery for all kinds of manufacturing. As previously stated, prior to the advent of farm machinery, the average farmer together with his family, working through a whole season, scarcely proâ€" duced more than sufficient food for their own sustenance throughout the year. In those days, a woman’s place in agriculture was in the field assisting her ‘ husband or father in the actual work of production. Today, a woman’s place in agriculture has greatly changed, she has more time to devote to her household duties, to the rearing of her family and service to the community. Civilization has advanced almost wholly through education, not alone school or college education, but as well the education of experience. Before the use of machinery became general, education was limited to the few, while the masses of the people were forced to labour on the land to produce food and clothing. Now we find by the release of man power there is more time for the gaining of knowledge, which is after all the recorded experience of older generaâ€" tions. A recent survey in New York State shows that on 96 per cent. of the farms a man and woman were working together; of the other 4 per cent. many were widows or Widowers, who had not yet disposed of their holdings. From these figures one can assume that a woman is essential to successful farming. On the average farm, considerable actual work is done by women; there is the churning, care of fowl, marketing of dairy produce and poultry, cooking for hired men, and often assisting milking, especially in cases of emergency. Very often the actual success of a farm depends on the woman being willing and able to do these things. Now we come to the main place of woman in agriculture, a place much the same as in any other businEss in which married people choose to live, that is the rearing of families. The farm women of Ontario have given many great men to public service. These men, born in the healthy atmosphere of the counâ€" try, reared in close contact with their patients, constantly under the guidance of their mother, and receiving a broad practical education on the farm, living